Mucosal Leishmaniasis of the lip: Report of an Exuberant case in a Young man.

BACKGROUND: Leishmaniasis is a tropical disease caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Mucosal leishmaniasis has been described as secondary to the cutaneous form; however, isolated mucosal involvement can also occur. Specifically, mucosal leishmaniasis of the lip is poorly described and its diagnosis challenges clinicians. METHODS: We herein report a case of mucosal leishmaniasis affecting the lower lip without cutaneous involvement in a 20-year-old Venezuelan man. The patient had no relevant past medical history. Clinically, a mass-like lesion with ulcerations and crusts was observed. RESULTS: Microscopically, the lesion was composed of granulomatous inflammation along with macrophages containing intracytoplasmic inclusions similar to round-shaped Leishmania. The species Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis was confirmed. Treatment with meglumine antimonate was effective. The lesion healed satisfactorily, and no side effects or recurrences were observed. CONCLUSION: Clinicians should be aware of isolated forms of mucosal leishmaniasis of the lip, even in cases where the cutaneous lesion is undetected or clinically manifests as self-limiting. Knowing the endemic areas in the scenario of the dynamics of the ecoepidemiology of leishmaniasis is also essential for surveillance and counselling of the population.

Pandemia por el SARS-CoV-2: aspectos biológicos, epidemiológicos y clínicos / SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Biological, epidemiological, clinical aspects

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es describir los principales aspectos biológicos, epidemiológicos y clínicos,con especial énfasis en la fisiopatología, ocasionado por el SARS-CoV-2.El Coronavirus 2 del Síndrome Agudo Respiratorio Severo,es un orthocoronavirinae, del grupoI V, pertenecientes al género betacoronavirus,que causa la actual enfermedad pandémica definida por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS)(2020), como COVID-19.Esta es considerada por los expertos mundiales como una infección viral emergente. Su origenes veterinario y su transmisión zoonótica, a partir de virus que tienen como reservorios a murciélagos y como hospedador intermediario al pangolín, desde el cual se infiere que pudo adaptarse al ser humano, para transmitirse de persona a persona,mediante gotitas respiratorias y secreciones nasales contaminadas con partículas altamente infecciosas. No se descarta la transmisión fecal-oral. La enfermedad posee un periodo de incubación de 2 a 14 días (promedio:5,2 días) y hasta ahora las medidas de prevención y control más eficientes son la cuarentena social obligatoria, el uso de tapabocas, lavado de manos con agua y jabón por al menos 20 segundos,o con productos en gel con alcohol al 70%, mantener una distancia mínima entre las personas de 2 metros. Lo aprendido de los otros dos betacoronavirus humanos relacionados, causantes de las epidemias previas: SARS-CoVen 2002-2003 y el MERSen 2012 ,permiten encarar de mejor forma la actual pandemia(AU)

The main objective of this work is to describe the main biological, epidemiological and clinical aspects, with special emphasis on pathophysiology, caused by SARS-CoV-2. Coronavirus 2 of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome is a member of group IV orthocoronavirinae, belonging to the betacoronavirus genus, which causes the current pandemic disease defined by the World Health Organization as COVID-19. This is considered by world experts as an emerging viral infection. Its origin is veterinary and its zoonotic transmission, from viruses that have bats as reservoirs to pangolin an as an intermediate host, from which it is inferred that it could have adapted to the human being, transmitted from person to person by means of respiratory droplets, and highly infectious contaminated nasal secretions Fecal-oral transmission is not ruled out. The disease has an incubation period of 2 to 14 days (5.2 days in mean), and until now the most efficient prevention and control measures are the obligatory social quarantine, the use of face masks, hand washing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, or with products in gel with 70 alcohol, keeping a minimum distance between people of 2 meters. What has been learned from the other two related human betacoronaviruses that caused the previous epidemics: SARS-CoV in 2002-2003 and MERS in 2012, allow us to better face the current pandemic(AU)